Double emulsion (W/O/W) gel stabilised by polyglycerol polyricinoleate and calcium caseinate as mangiferin carrier: insights on formulation and stability properties

Mangiferin (MGF) is a phenolic compound isolated from mango, but its poor solubility significantly limits its use. In this study, MGF was embedded into the inner aqueous phase of W₁/O/W₂ emulsions. Firstly, the dissolution method of MGF was determined. MGF remained stable in solution with pH 13 at 30 min, and its solubility reached 10 mg mL⁻¹. When the pH of MGF solutions was adjusted from pH 13 to pH 6, MGF did not immediately crystallise, providing sufficient time to construct the MGF-loaded W₁/O/W₂ emulsions. Subsequently, the MGF-loaded W₁/O/W₂ emulsions were constructed using polyglycerol polyricinoleate (PGPR) and calcium caseinate (CAS). The formation and stability of the W₁/O/W₂ emulsions were investigated. The MGF-loaded W₁/O/W₂ emulsions stabilised with 1% PGPR and 1% – 3% CAS exhibited a low viscosity, limited loading capacity, and poor stability. Conversely, the MGF-loaded W₁/O/W₂ emulsions stabilised by 3%PGPR–3%CAS exhibited optimal loading capacity (encapsulation efficiency = 95.31% and loading efficiency = 0.91%) and stability, which was attributed to the fact that high viscosity and gel state retarded the migration of inner aqueous phase. These results indicated that the W₁/O/W₂ emulsions stabilised by PGPR and CAS may be a potential alternative for encapsulating mangiferin.     

0–1膨胀几何分布的客观贝叶斯分析

在医疗卫生、金融证券等应用领域，经常会同时出现零观测值、一观测值较多的情况. 为更好地拟合这类数据，提出0–1膨胀几何分布模型并进行客观贝叶斯分析. 通过参数变换，得到Jeffreys先验和reference先验. 设计后验分布的抽样算法，设置不同的样本量和参数真值，采用数值模拟方法对不同客观先验下的估计效果进行评估.     

Optical design of the Lyman alpha based beam emission spectroscopy(LAB)diagnostic on the HL-2A tokamak

In this article, we present the optical design of a novel diagnostic on the HL-2 A tokamak, i.e. the20-channel edge Lyman-alpha beam emission spectroscopy, which is a promising solution for edge density turbulence research on tokamaks, as it offers the possibility of density fluctuation measurement with a 3.3 mm spatial resolution while maintains a high temporal resolution of1 μs. The optical path, including the reflective collection optics, the high-dispersion spectrometer, and the linear detector array, is carefully optimized to obtain a good image quality and a high throughput. The maximum root mean square radius of the collection optics is 64 μm.The detected photon flux is estimated to be about 10~(11) photons/s/channel.     

Freeze-drying and mechanical redispersion of aqueous PEDOT:PSS

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) films are attracting famous applications in antistatic coating, energy storage and conversion, printed electronics, and biomedical fields due to their conductivity, optical transparency and flexibility. However, PEDOT:PSS has poor dispersion stability during long-term storage and transport. Moreover, the dried PEDOT:PSS films are insoluble in any solvent and cannot be redispersed again. In comparison to bake drying, here, a feasible strategy to achieve mechanically redispersed PEDOT:PSS with the help of freeze-drying process was reported. The redispersed PEDOT:PSS can recover not only the initial characters such as pH, chemical composition, viscosity, and particle size under similar solid contents, but also conductivity and surface morphology of treated films. In addition, the treated film exhibits self-healing properties similar to pristine film in terms of mechanical and electrical properties. This technology enables reuse and overcomes the technical problems of PEDOT:PSS dispersion, realizing real-time processing to meet variable applications.     

Pseudocapacitive contributions to electrochemical kinetics in NiOx electrochromic anodes

Because of its ability to change optical absorption dynamically by applied electric field, nickel oxide (NiO) is a promising anodic material in smart windows, which can improve energy conversion efficiency in construction buildings. Although many works have achieved high electrochromic performance with different method. The underlying mechanism is still not fully investigated. In this article, we prepared the NiO films with large specific surface area and high stability by electron beam evaporation. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were employed to figure out the surface morphology and composition of as-deposited films. Afterwards, the electrochemical properties and optical performance of the prepared NiO films were investigated. On this basis, the origin of surface charge was fully analyzed by cyclic voltammetry and diffusion coefficient test. These experimental and theoretical results firmly confirm that both the surface reaction and capacitive effect bring about the excellent EC performance in NiO films. These results not only provide clear evidence about electrochemical kinetics in NiO films, but also offer some useful guidelines for the design of EC materials with higher performance and longer stability.     

电磁脉冲辐射波模拟器双锥-平面线栅天线场分布规律

双锥-平面线栅结构的水平极化辐射波天线对辐射场半宽影响较小且架设方便、易于维护，掌握该型天线场分布规律是确定模拟器场均匀区、开展电磁脉冲效应实验的前提。利用天线理论研究双锥-平面线栅天线的场分布规律，结合数值模拟和实际天线试验对理论分析结果进行验证。结果表明：在天线结构和激励电压确定的条件下，双锥中心正下方辐射电场极化分量仅与测点到源的距离相关，二者呈反比；Oxz平面内以双锥中心为圆心的圆弧上任意一点辐射电场极化分量的幅值相等，并在同一时刻达到峰值；Oxz平面内同一水平线上的测点总辐射场幅值相等，方向沿测点所在圆弧的切线方向；各辐射场分量关于Oxz平面和Oyz平面对称分布；对于实际模拟器，地面反射会使辐射场波形下降沿陡降，导致地面附近辐射场半宽变小；线栅极板会影响附近的场分布，且极板外侧4个角点处的反射相对较强，其他位置辐射场分布与理论分析一致。     

车门铰链系统与车门下沉刚度的相关性

针对某型车门下沉问题,通过台架试验获得车门、铰链和车身等各单因素下沉量和车门绞链系统整体下沉量,对单因素下沉量与系统整体下沉刚度进行线性拟合分析,得到车门铰链系统各单因素与系统下沉刚度的相关度排序.对前、后车门分别选取相关度较高的单因素进行优化,最终改进方案的仿真和试验结果证明该方案可有效地提升车门下沉刚度.采用定量分析法可快速找出影响下沉刚度的敏感因素,并能够快速生成优化方案,为新车型设计提供参考.     

基于大数据深度学习的输电塔结构抗风易损性评估

为了有效预测输电网系统在强风作用下的响应，并开展高效精准的性能评估，文章提出了基于深度学习模型的风致易损性评估框架。以某具备健康监测系统的输电塔结构为例，首先对监测数据进行清洗和重构，通过大数据深度学习建立荷载输入和响应输出的等效映射模型，然后通过数值模拟生成灾害强度均匀的风场数据并由深度学习模型预测输电塔关键杆件响应，计算不同性能水准的易损性曲线。研究结果表明，经训练的深度学习模型可以涵盖实际工程中存在的各类不确定性因素，有效映射复杂风环境下输电塔结构的动力响应。提出的框架方法可以避免单纯通过数值模型制备大量动态响应数据，更高效地进行输电网系统风致易损性评估。